Now it is confirmed that a remarkable number of stones on the eastern side of the Henge have avoided the destruction that befell so many others it must inevitably follow that a great deal of argument will now occur as to what will happen to them. One thing must be certain ..........Avebury has such a large variety of people interested in its future that if these stones are not excavated and re-erected there will always be a strong body of opinion that will continue to argue in favour of their restoration. In my opinion not to restore them would be a dishonour to the memory of Alexander Keiller who would certainly have re-erected them had circumstances allowed. It would also be a dishonour to those who laboured so magnificently 4,500 years ago to raise the Avebury Henge. To leave them beneath the ground now that we know they are there must have little merit compared to their worth above it. We may be able to do some clever computer re-constructions of how they may have looked but this can only be a feeble replacement for the spectacle provided by the real thing. The cost of such restoration would obviously be considerable but if the finances can be found to build a road tunnel to heighten the aesthetics of Stonehenge's appearance!.... and what better project for some lottery money?
In reality the current policy is apparently not to do anything for at least 100 years so that better archaeological techniques can be developed. Given the present outlook regarding global warming I fear that we will be having to deal with some far more fundamental issues by then and the fate of these stones will have become of minimal importance.

PS. 6/2/06.... TV News item....£23,000,000 has already been spent on preliminary plans & research regarding re-development of roads and surroundings at Stonehenge..........

The appearance of Avebury to-day is largely due to the efforts of Alexander Keiller who purchased the monument in the 1930s his wealth coming from the family marmalade business. In many ways it is also due to the fact that many of the stones were buried by the zealots in the middle-ages which saved some of them from the predations that were to come later.

After clearing the parts of the site which nature had re-claimed and emptying the ditches of the accumulation of rubbish they contained Keiller commenced a careful investigation of the henge. Then, using modern equipment and materials, he excavated and re-erected the surviving stones in their original holes mainly on the western side of the circle and along the West Kennet Avenue. Where stone-holes were found but the stones
were missing he marked with concrete plinths. World War Two caused a halt in any further proceedings. Apart from a recent adjustment to the Cove stones nothing to change the appearance of the henge has been done since. Failing health was to prevent Keiller from continuing with his work at Avebury which leaves the eastern side of the monument yet to be thoroughly investigated. He died in 1955.

The monument is now under the protection of The National Trust.

Alexander Keiller

Stones in the SW quadrant

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IMAGE OF THE SW QUADRANT OF THE OUTER CIRCLE

Stones in the NW quadrant

Supervised by A.C.Smith, some searches using probing rods during 1881 indicated that a number of stones remained in the henge which were never to be excavated by Keiller (reported as 16 in the outer circle and 2 in the northern inner circle). This has now been confirmed by a fresh and productive geophysical survey carried out by the National Trust using modern equipment. Excitingly this has revealed that, around the eastern perimeter of the henge, at least 15 stones, which had almost certainly been buried during the middle-ages, remain unexcavated and hidden from view. Again the religious zeal once applied to removing the "offensive" stones is proving to be the greatest ally to the preservation of the monument. Whether any of these buried megaliths will ever be given the attention that Keiller lavished on those of the west side and be returned to their rightful positions remains a question that only the future will be able to answer.

Since Keiller carried out his magnificent restoration of the henge aerial photography and geophysical surveying has revealed some features within the outer stone circle that were previously unknown. Most notable is the evidence of a large double ring of post-holes in the north-east quadrant and a circular feature in the north-west quadrant (see " Surviving Stones" ). Proposals have been made to excavate these features but any such research within the henge is now a sensitive issue so certain hurdles have to be overcome before this can happen.

Whatever the coming years add to the Avebury story Alexander Keiller's contribution has allowed us all to see the true wonder of what once existed in Neolithic Britain. The stones that now stand again through his efforts provide a fitting memorial to him.

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BURIED STONES.....a personal comment

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for a plan of excavations within the Henge

This map from 1889 reveals that few stones were visible in the SW quadrant at that time. The impressive arc of stones we see now and the"Z feature" within the southern inner circle all await discovery by Keiller.

These old images of the southern inner circle show how some of the stones had fallen before Alexander Keiller re-erected them. It is also
interesting to note the long disappeared trees that once stood by the road.

THE BURIED STONE POSITIONS.... please read text

As yet the positions of the newly found buried stones don't appear to have been publicised....however, a number of parch marks recorded on aerial photographs in 1995 indicate evidence of stone burying....these are shown on this diagram. We know that the partner to the Swindon Stone at the North Entrance disappeared in 1722 so can be discounted but other marks can be considered as possible positions for some of them.
William Stukeley's plan of the Henge (see "The Shame" page) indicates that many of the stones in these positions had been demolished so it now seems that however he obtained his information there was some confusion regarding its accuracy.
It is interesting to look at John Aubrey's plan of the henge (see "Aubrey & Stukeley" page) and take note of the stones that are missing around the eastern perimeter. A number of stones that are marked "Destroyed by Tom Robinson 1700" on  Stukeley's plan are clearly missing on Aubrey's plan which perhaps confirms they were already buried before Aubrey visited the monument in 1649 and Stukeley's plan is likely to be in error regarding the fate of those particular stones unless they were destroyed in their assumed medieval burial pits. Given Stukeley's attitude toward Tom Robinson perhaps he was a bit liberal in crediting him with a larger "count"than was in fact the case or perhaps Robinson just liked exaggerating !

The south-west quadrant before Keiller's excavation and restoration.

These aerial views from the mid 1930s show clearly the unrestored SW quadrant and how heavily wooded the NW quadrant and the north entrance were before Keiller began his restoration of the henge.

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for an account of early excavations within the Henge

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for an interesting biography & tribute to Alexander Keiller by Stuart Piggott

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for a pre-restoration plan of the Henge